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- (Ming and Qing dynasties) vice-minister of one of the Six Boards
- (also an official title in earlier dynasties)
- Cowherd of the folk tale Cowherd and Weaving maid 牛郎織女|牛郎织女
- Altair (star)
- Momotaro or Peach Boy, the hero of a Japanese folk tale
- (Tw) Japanese person
Trad. 郎世寧
- Giuseppe Castiglione (1688–1766), Jesuit missionary and artist who served as a painter in the Qing court for 50 years
Trad. 郎溪縣
- Langxi, a county in Xuancheng City 宣城市[Xuan1 cheng2 Shi4], Anhui
Trad. 中郎將
- general of the household, a mid-ranking military officer responsible for palace or court duties
- Arirang, famous Korean song of love and tragic separation, based on folk tale from Georyo dynasty
- Arirang, series of Korean earth observation space satellites
- to stick one leg over the other (when sitting)
Trad. 牛郎織女
- Cowherd and Weaving maid (characters in folk story)
- separated lovers
- Altair and Vega (stars)
Trad. 江郎才盡
- Jiang Yan has exhausted his talent (idiom)
- fig. to have used up one's creative powers
- to have writer's block
- talented man and beautiful woman
- ideal couple
- ASŌ Tarō (1940-), Japanese entrepreneur and LDP politician, prime minister from 2008
- lit. Yelang thinks highly of itself (idiom)
- fig. foolish conceit
Trad. 翹二郎腿
- to stick one leg over the other (when sitting)
- Ishihara Shintarō (1932-), Japanese author and politician, governor of Tokyo 1999-2012
- TOMONAGA Shin'ichirō (1906-1979), Japanese physicist, 1965 Nobel prize laureate with Richard Feynman and Julian Schwinger
Trad. 司馬遼太郎
- SHIBA Ryotarō (1923-1996), Japanese author of historical novels
Trad. 橋本龍太郎
- HASHIMOTO Ryūtarō (1937-2006), Japanese politician, prime minister 1996-1998
- Oe Kenzaburo (1935-) Japanese novelist and 1994 Nobel laureate
Trad. 小泉純一郎
- KOIZUMI Jun'ichirō (1942-), Japanese LDP politician, prime minister 2001-2006