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- abbr. for country names that begin with 阿[a1]: Algeria 阿爾及利亞|阿尔及利亚[A1 er3 ji2 li4 ya4], Afghanistan 阿富汗[A1 fu4 han4] etc
- prefix used before monosyllabic names, kinship terms etc to indicate familiarity
- used in transliteration
- also pr. [a4]
- A-dou, nickname of Liu Shan 劉禪|刘禅[Liu2 Shan4] (207-271), son of Liu Bei, reigned as Shu Han emperor 233-263
- (fig.) weak and inept person
- Ah Q, antihero of Lu Xun's influential 1921 novella "The True Story of Ah Q" 阿Q正傳|阿Q正传[A1 Q Zheng4 zhuan4] ("Q" here is typically pronounced as [kiu1] or [qiu1])
- Aachen, city in Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
- Aix-la-Chapelle
- also written 亞琛|亚琛[Ya4 chen1]
Trad. 阿來
- Alai (1959-), ethnic Tibetan Chinese writer, awarded Mao Dun Literature Prize in 2000 for his novel 塵埃落定|尘埃落定[Chen2 ai1 luo4 ding4] "Red Poppies"
- Alxa League, a prefecture-level subdivision of Inner Mongolia (abbr. for 阿拉善盟[A1 la1 shan4 Meng2])
- (old) grandfather
- polite address for an elderly man, or a woman's father-in-law
- (Taiwanese) grandfather
- Amun, deity in Egyptian mythology, also spelled Amon, Amoun, Amen, and rarely Imen
Trad. 阿蘭
- Alan, Allen, Allan, Alain etc (name)
- A-lan (Chinese female name)
- (literary) (colloquial term of the Six Dynasties period 六朝[Liu4 Chao2]) this
- (abbr. for 阿堵物[e1 du3 wu4]) money
Trad. 阿壩
- see 阿壩藏族羌族自治州|阿坝藏族羌族自治州[A1 ba4 Zang4 zu2 Qiang1 zu2 Zi4 zhi4 zhou1]
- see 阿壩縣|阿坝县[A1 ba4 Xian4]
Trad. 阿諾
- Arnold (name)
- refers to Arnold Schwarzenegger 阿諾·施瓦辛格|阿诺·施瓦辛格[A1 nuo4 · Shi1 wa3 xin1 ge2]
- (name) Ali
- Ali (c. 600–661), the fourth caliph of Islam
- Alibaba, e-commerce company (abbr. for 阿里巴巴[A1 li3 ba1 ba1])
- see 阿里地區|阿里地区[A1 li3 Di4 qu1]
- maternal aunt
- step-mother
- childcare worker
- nursemaid
- woman of similar age to one's parents (term of address used by child)
- CL:個|个[ge4]
Trad. 阿媽
- grandma (paternal) (Tw)
- (dialect) mother
- nurse
- amah
- (Manchu) father
Trad. 阿嬤
- (Tw) grandma (also used to refer to or address an elderly woman) (from Taiwanese 阿媽, Tai-lo pr. [a-má])
- Ceaseless pain (Sanskrit: Avici), one of the Buddhist hells
- fig. hell
- hell on earth
Trad. 阿房宮
- Epang Palace, palace complex in western Xi'an built by Qin Shihuang 秦始皇[Qin2 Shi3 huang2]
- also pr. [E1fang2 Gong1]
- atropine C17H23NO3, alkaloid drug derived from deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna)
- Aladdin, character in one of the tales in the The Book of One Thousand and One Nights
Trad. 阿拉爾
- Aral shehiri (Aral city) or Ālā'ěr subprefecture level city in west Xinjiang
- Attila (406-453), Hun emperor, known as the scourge of God
- (TCM) ashi point: a tender spot that is not a standard acupuncture point
Trad. 雷諾阿
- Renoir (name)
- Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919), French impressionist painter
Trad. 阿榮旗
- Arun banner or Arongqi county in Hulunbuir 呼倫貝爾|呼伦贝尔[Hu1 lun2 bei4 er3], Inner Mongolia
- Abba (Aramaic word father)
- by ext. God the Father in Christian gospel
Trad. 阿爾泰
- Altai republic in Russian central Asia, capital Gorno-Altaysk
Trad. 東阿縣
- Dong'e county in Liaocheng 聊城[Liao2 cheng2], Shandong
Trad. 阿仙藥
- gambier extract (from Uncaria gambir), used in TCM
- Ayshe, Aise or Ayesha (name)
- Aishah bint Abi Bakr (c. 614-678), youngest wife of prophet Mohamed 穆罕默德[Mu4 han3 mo4 de2]
- Avat nahiyisi (Awat county) in Aksu 阿克蘇地區|阿克苏地区[A1 ke4 su1 di4 qu1], west Xinjiang
- atabrine or quinacrine, used as antimalarial drug and antibiotic against intestinal parasite giardiasis
- Ayshe, Aise or Ayesha (name)
- Aishah bint Abi Bakr (c. 614-678), youngest wife of prophet Mohamed 穆罕默德[Mu4 han3 mo4 de2]
- also written 阿伊莎
Trad. 阿皮亞
- Apia, capital of the Independent State of Samoa
- see 阿克塞哈薩克族自治縣|阿克塞哈萨克族自治县[A1 ke4 sai4 Ha1 sa4 ke4 zu2 Zi4 zhi4 xian4]
Trad. 阿克蘇
- see 阿克蘇地區|阿克苏地区[A1 ke4 su1 Di4 qu1]
- see 阿克蘇市|阿克苏市[A1 ke4 su1 Shi4]
- see 阿克蘇河|阿克苏河[A1 ke4 su1 He2]
Trad. 阿羅漢
- arhat (Sanskrit)
- a holy man who has left behind all earthly desires and concerns and attained nirvana (Buddhism)
- Aketedu county in Xinjiang (on the border with Kyrgyzstan)
Trad. 阿聯酋
- United Arab Emirates (abbr. for 阿拉伯聯合酋長國|阿拉伯联合酋长国[A1 la1 bo2 Lian2 he2 Qiu2 zhang3 guo2])
- the Effendi (Nasreddin), the hero of folk tales of the Muslim world, known for his wisdom and humor
- erroneous variant of 阿閦佛, Aksobhya, the imperturbable ruler of Eastern Paradise, Abhirati
- Ashoka (304-232 BC), Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty 孔雀王朝[Kong3 que4 Wang2 chao2], ruled 273-232 BC
- see 阿勒泰地區|阿勒泰地区[A1 le4 tai4 Di4 qu1]
- see 阿勒泰市[A1 le4 tai4 Shi4]
- (coll.) straightforward
- unreserved
- openhearted (Tw) (loanword from Japanese "assari")
- Aqchi Nahiyisi or Aheqi County in Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture 克孜勒蘇柯爾克孜自治州|克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州[Ke4 zi1 le4 su1 Ke1 er3 ke4 zi1 Zi4 zhi4 zhou1], Xinjiang
Trad. 阿蓮區
- Alian, a rural district of Kaohsiung 高雄市[Gao1 xiong2 Shi4], Taiwan
Trad. 阿圖什
- Atush or Artux city and county in Qizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang 克孜勒蘇柯爾克孜自治州|克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州[Ke4 zi1 le4 su1 Ke1 er3 ke4 zi1 Zi4 zhi4 zhou1]
- Atushi city near Kashgar in Xinjiang
Trad. 阿蘭若
- Buddhist temple (transliteration of Sanskrit "Aranyakah")
Trad. 阿城區
- Acheng, a district of Harbin City 哈爾濱市|哈尔滨市[Ha1 er3 bin1 Shi4], Heilongjiang
Trad. 阿壩州
- see 阿壩藏族羌族自治州|阿坝藏族羌族自治州[A1 ba4 Zang4 zu2 Qiang1 zu2 Zi4 zhi4 zhou1]
Trad. 阿壩縣
- Ngawa, a county in Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture 阿壩藏族羌族自治州|阿坝藏族羌族自治州[A1 ba4 Zang4 zu2 Qiang1 zu2 Zi4 zhi4 zhou1], Sichuan
Trad. 阿多諾
- surname Adorno
- Theodor Ludwig Wiesengrund Adorno 狄奧多·阿多諾|狄奥多·阿多诺[Di2 ao4 duo1 · A1 duo1 nuo4] (1903-1969), German sociologist, philosopher, musicologist, and composer
Trad. 阿貝爾
- Niels Henrik Abel (1802-1829), Norwegian mathematician
- (math.) abelian
Trad. 阿奎納
- surname Aquinas
- Thomas Aquinas 托馬斯·阿奎納|托马斯·阿奎纳[Tuo1 ma3 si1 · A1 kui2 na4] (1225-1274)
- Alishan mountain range in the central-southern region of Taiwan
- Amu Darya, the biggest river of Central Asia, from Pamir to Aral sea, forming the boundary between Afghanistan and Tajikistan then flowing through Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan
- formerly called Oxus by Greek and Western writers, and Gihon by medieval Islamic writers
- Arirang, famous Korean song of love and tragic separation, based on folk tale from Georyo dynasty
- Arirang, series of Korean earth observation space satellites
- Aksobhya, the imperturbable ruler of Eastern Paradise, Abhirati
Trad. 阿闍梨
- Buddhist teacher (Sanskrit transliteration)
- also written 阿闍黎|阿阇黎[a1 she2 li2]
Trad. 阿闍黎
- Buddhist teacher (Sanskrit transliteration)
- also written 阿闍梨|阿阇梨[a1 she2 li2]
Trad. 阿難陀
- Prince Ananda, cousin of the Buddha and his closest disciple
- Abbas (name)
- Mahmoud Abbas (1935-), also called Abu Mazen, Palestinian leader, Chairman of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) from 2005
Trad. 阿魯巴
- Aruba, island in the Caribbean, a self-governing part of the Netherlands
Trad. 阿魯巴
- (Tw) (slang) a prank, prevalent in Chinese schools and known as "happy corner" in Hong Kong, in which several people carry a victim with his legs spread open, bringing his groin up against a pole or tree trunk
Trad. 阿德萊德
- Adelaide, capital of South Australia
- Adelaide, capital of South Australia
- also written 阿德萊德|阿德莱德
- Scipio Africanus (235-183 BC), Roman general and statesman
- Alxa, league in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 內蒙古自治區|内蒙古自治区[Nei4 meng3 gu3 Zi4 zhi4 qu1]
- surname Alatas
- Ali Alatas (1932-2008), Indonesian foreign minister (1988-1999)